Iowa Public Records Law

Iowa's public records laws, precisely called the Iowa Open Records Law is a testament to the state's motto - our liberties we prize, our rights we will maintain. Since the enactment of the Iowa Open Records Law (IORL) in 1967, the set of laws codified under Chapter 22 of the Iowa Code, have sought to promote transparency and accountability in government by granting access to public records of government bodies at state and local government levels. Per the IORL, all records of or belonging to a government body are considered public records unless specifically exempted by law.

Birth Records
Court Records
Criminal Records
Death Records
Divorce Records
Inmate Records
Marriage Records
Traffic Violation Records

Where Do I Submit a Public Record Request in Iowa?

According to Section 22.3 of the Iowa Code, the lawful custodian or authorized deputy receives public record requests in the state. As defined in the IORL, a lawful custodian is a government body in physical possession of a public record. Additionally, the IORL states that each government body must delegate to particular employees or officials of that agency the responsibility for attending to public record requests. Such employees and officials must be publicly made known for requesters to know how to address their requests.

How Do I Request Public Records in Iowa?

To request public records in Iowa, follow these steps:

  • Identity the agency that is the custodian of the record you seek
  • Find out who the designated employee or officer of the agency tasked with attending to public record requests
  • Prepare the information you need to make your request successful. Generally, your name, contact information, specific dates, names, case or file numbers, or other information specific to the record you want will be required. Address the request to the custodian of the record via the designated employee or official
  • Submit the request in a manner acceptable to the custodian of the record, such as by mail, email, online portal, fax, or in person
  • Pay the applicable fee
  • Wait for a response

What Records are Public in Iowa?

Public records in Iowa encompass all documents related to the investment of public funds. This includes investment policies, instructions, trading orders, and contracts, regardless of whether they are held by the public body managing the funds, a fiduciary, or a third party. Commonly requested public records in the state may be classified into the following categories:

  • Vital Records: Per Iowa Code Section 144.43, birth records, marriage records, divorce records, and death records become public documents once the records are at least 75 years old
  • Property Records: Deeds and titles, property tax records, mortgages, and lien records
  • Court Records: These include district court records, court of appeals records, and supreme court records
  • Law Enforcement Records: Inmate records, arrest records, traffic accident reports, and incident reports
  • Government Financial Records: These include budget reports, contracts and procurement records, meeting minutes and agendas, and audit reports.

Who Can Request Public Records in Iowa?

The Iowa Open Records Law does not limit who may request records. According to Section 22.2(1) of the law, every person has the right to examine and copy Iowa public records. Under Iowa law, "every person" generally refers to any individual, corporation, partnership, association, or other legal entity. It includes both residents and non-residents seeking to exercise their legal rights, such as requesting a public record.

What Is the Response Time for Public Records Requests in Iowa?

Following Section 22.8 of the Iowa Code, public agencies are required to respond to public record requests within 10 business days. However, the IORL provides for a maximum reasonable response delay period of no more than 20 calendar days.

What Is the Fee Charged for Providing Copies of Public Records?

The IORL allows agencies to charge a reasonable fee directly related to the cost of providing the records. However, no fee may be charged for inspecting public records during normal business hours. Agencies charge varying fees for obtaining public records. Fees charged generally range between $0.10 and $0.25 per page for standard black-and-white photocopies.

What Records Are Exempted Under the Iowa Public Law?

While Iowa's public records law promotes transparency, certain records are exempt to protect privacy, security, and sensitive information. The state provided for exemptions to ensure a balance between public access and safeguarding confidential data. Common exemptions in the IORL include the following:

  • Personal Information, such as medical records, Social Security numbers, and private financial data
  • Records that could interfere with investigations or endanger individuals
  • Proprietary business information and confidential commercial data
  • Records involving minors, such as juvenile court proceedings or delinquency cases
  • Emergency response plans and critical infrastructure details
  • Attorney-client confidential legal communications
  • Details about security systems, including alarm codes, security camera footage, and emergency response plans